Ecuador is about the size of Washington State and is slightly smaller than Nevada. It has an area of 256,370 square kilometers. About 10 percent of the population of Ecuador is of European descent. About one-fourth belongs are indigenous, while the rest are of mostly mixed ethnicity.The Spanish-speaking country has a presidential form of government.

Ecuador was part of the Spanish colonial empire, which gained independence in 1830. About 38.3% of the people in Ecuador live below the poverty line. Quito, the country’s capital, is rich in history. Quito has the best-preserved historic center in Latin America, having declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in the 1970s. The country’s third largest city — Cuenca — was also declared World Heritage Site for its planned inland Spanish style. Guayaquil is Ecuador’s largest city.

Ecuador houses diverse species. Many of them including those of the Galápagos islands, are endemic. The new constitution of the country, formed in 2008, is the world’s first to recognize legally enforceable Rights of Nature. Ecuador experiences frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity, floods and periodic droughts.

Ecuador's climate makes it a wonderful travel destination. Seasons in Ecuador are defined more by rainfall than temperature. January to April experiences a warm rainy season, and it’s a cooler and drier period till December. The period from May through December provides ideal climate to travelers.

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