It is surrounded by the Gulf of Bahrain. The name of the country literally means Kingdom of the Two Seas. Bahrain is bounded by Saudi Arabia about 24 kilometers to the west and Qatar 28 kilometers to the southeast.The kingdom of Bahrain is connected to both Saudi Arabia and Qatar through causeways. Bahrain is a small country with a land area of 680 sq km. It has a coastline of about 161 kilometers. The main islands of the kingdom are Bahrain, Umm an Nasan, Sitrah and Al Muharraq. The land area here is mostly dry, arid low lying desert plain. There are a few low hills here. As a mater of fact, 92% of the land area in Bahrain is comprised of desert.

As a result of this there are frequent sand storms which pose a big problem for the people here. Bahrain is rich in natural resources like oil and natural gas. Agriculture here is limited since only 2.82% of the land is arable. The climate is hot and humid with mild winters. Summer temperatures can be as high as 95 degrees F. Rainfall is occasional and confined mainly to the winter season. Drilling for oil, oil spills etc have posed an environmental hazard to Bahrain. This has resulted in coastal degradation, loss of arable land and so on. Efforts are on to reverse the effects of human activities on the environment in Bahrain and to restore natural resources.

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